The Power of FishWhat are omega-3 fatty acids? Show
Omega-3 fatty acids are a type of fat the body cannot make on its own. They are an essential fat, which means they are needed to survive. We get the omega-3 fatty acids we need from the foods we eat. What are the best sources of omega-3 fatty acids? Fish are the best food source of omega-3 fatty acids. Some plants also contain omega-3 fatty acids. What do EPA, DHA and ALA mean? There are two kinds of omega-3 fatty acids in fish — eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The form of omega-3 in plants is called alpha-linolenic (ALA). How do omega-3 Fatty Acids help improve my health? Research shows that omega-3 fatty acids can improve your cardiovascular health. Most of this research involves EPA + DHA, but ALA can also help improve your health. Benefits of including omega-3 fatty acids in your diet include:
Omega-3 fatty acids may also:
Amount of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Selected Fish and Seafood
*Contains high level of Mercury. Limit amount you eat. How much Omega-3 do I need?The American Heart Association recommends that patients who do not have a history of heart disease eat at least 2 servings of fish each week (a total of 6-8 ounces). This should include a variety of fish. Cold-water wild varieties of fish like mackerel, tuna, salmon, sardines and herring contain high amounts of omega-3 fatty acids. See the list above to help choose fish with high levels of omega-3 fatty acids. If you have heart disease, your healthcare professional may recommend that you have one gram of EPA +DHA every day. If you have trouble getting this amount through food alone, talk to your doctor about taking a fish oil supplement. If you have high triglyceride levels, you may need to eat more foods that are good sources of omega-3 fatty acids, even if you take medication to lower your triglyceride levels. Your healthcare provider may also want you to take a fish oil supplement. In general, 2-4 grams of EPA + DHA every day is recommended for patients with high triglyceride levels. This amount has been shown to lower triglyceride levels 25 to 35 percent. Can you have too many omega-3 fatty acids?Talk to your healthcare provider if you have 3 grams or more of omega-3 fatty acids in your diet each day. High levels of these essential fatty acids can cause bleeding. Should I be concerned about mercury in fish?Mercury occurs naturally in the environment and as a result of industrial pollution. It falls from the air and can collect in streams and oceans, where it is converted into methylmercury. Too much methylmercury can be harmful. This is especially true for unborn and young children. Some fish have higher levels of mercury than others. These include shark, swordfish, tilefish, and King mackerel. Everyone should limit the amounts of these fish in their diet. Women who are pregnant or nursing and young children should not eat these types of fish. Women who are pregnant or nursing can safely eat 12 ounces of other types of fish each week. These include shellfish, canned fish and smaller fish. Albacore Tuna has more mercury than canned light tuna. Limit the amount of albacore tuna you eat to 6 ounces per week. What if I’m allergic to fish or don’t want to eat fish?Fish is the best food source of omega-3 fatty acids, but several plants contain ALA. This is not as rich of a source of omega-3 fatty acids, but some studies show that ALA can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Good sources of ALA are ground or milled flaxseeds, flaxseed oil, chia seeds, walnuts, soy foods and canola oil. Another source of ALA is algae or algae oil, which is broken down to DHA. Many foods that are fortified with omega-3 use algae oil. These are excellent options for vegetarians that do not eat fish. There are currently no serving size recommendations for ALA-rich foods. But, adding these foods to your diet regularly may help your heart health. Is it good to take omegaAccording to the NIH, the FDA have suggested that people should take no more than 3 g per day of DHA and EPA combined. Over long periods, scientists say that omega-3 can reduce immune system function because it lowers the body's inflammatory responses. High doses of omega-3 may also increase bleeding time.
What happens if you take omegaWhen taken by mouth: Fish oil is likely safe for most people in doses of 3 grams or less daily. Taking more than 3 grams daily might increase the chance of bleeding. Fish oil side effects include heartburn, loose stools, and nosebleeds. Taking fish oil supplements with meals or freezing them can reduce these issues.
Who should not use omegaThe AHA does not recommend omega-3 supplements for people who do not have a high CVD risk. To manage high triglyceride levels, the AHA concludes that 4 g/day prescription omega-3s (containing EPA plus DHA or EPA only) lower triglyceride levels when used alone or as adjuncts to other lipid-lowering medications [84].
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